Global Englishes, Rip Slyme, and performativity

Journal of Sociolinguistics 7/4, 2003: 513-533
"Global Englishes, Rip Slyme, and performativity"
Alastair Pennycook
University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
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In this article I suggest that while recent sociolinguistic work focusing on crossing, styling the Other or language boundaries is raising significant questions concerning how we relate language, identity and popular culture, these insights have largely passed by the sociolinguistics of world Englishes. This latter work is still caught between arguments about homogeneity and heterogeneity, between arguments based on liberal accommodationism, linguistic imperialism or linguistic hybridity that do not allow for sufficiently complex understandings of what is currently happening with global Englishes. Focusing particularly on rap music, I suggest that we need, at the very least, a critical understanding of globalization, a focus on popular cultural flows, and a way of taking up performance and performativity in relationship to identity and culture.
KEYWORDS: Global Englishes, world Englishes, globalization,
performativity, rap, hip-hop, popular culture, crossing